Class: Google::Cloud::Spanner::Database

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb,
lib/google/cloud/spanner/database/job.rb,
lib/google/cloud/spanner/database/list.rb,
lib/google/cloud/spanner/database/job/list.rb,
lib/google/cloud/spanner/database/backup_info.rb,
lib/google/cloud/spanner/database/restore_info.rb

Overview

Database

Represents a Cloud Spanner database. To use Cloud Spanner's read and write operations, you must first create a database. A database belongs to a Instance and contains tables and indexes. You may create multiple databases in an Instance.

See Instance#databases, Instance#database, and Instance#create_database.

To read and/or modify data in a Cloud Spanner database, use an instance of Client. See Project#client.

Examples:

require "google/cloud"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
instance = spanner.instance "my-instance"

job = instance.create_database "my-new-database"

job.done? #=> false
job.reload! # API call
job.done? #=> true

if job.error?
  status = job.error
else
  database = job.database
end

Defined Under Namespace

Classes: BackupInfo, Job, List, RestoreInfo

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#backups(page_size: nil) ⇒ Array<Google::Cloud::Spanner::Backup>

Retrieves backups belonging to the database.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

database.backups.all.each do |backup|
  puts backup.backup_id
end

List backups by page size

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

database.backups(page_size: 5).all.each do |backup|
  puts backup.backup_id
end

Parameters:

  • page_size (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Optional. Number of backups to be returned in the response. If 0 or less, defaults to the server's maximum allowed page size.

Returns:



572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 572

def backups page_size: nil
  ensure_service!
  grpc = service.list_backups \
    instance_id,
    filter: "database:#{database_id}",
    page_size: page_size
  Backup::List.from_grpc grpc, service
end

#create_backup(backup_id, expire_time, version_time: nil, encryption_config: nil) ⇒ Google::Cloud::Spanner::Backup::Job

Creates a database backup.

Examples:

Create backup with expiration time

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

backup_id = "my-backup"
expire_time = Time.now + (24 * 60 * 60) # 1 day from now
version_time = Time.now - (24 * 60 * 60) # 1 day ago (optional)

job = database.create_backup backup_id, expire_time, version_time: version_time

job.done? #=> false
job.reload! # API call
job.done? #=> true

if job.error?
  status = job.error
else
  backup = job.backup
end

Create backup with encryption config

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

kms_key_name = "projects/<project>/locations/<location>/keyRings/<key_ring>/cryptoKeys/<kms_key_name>"
encryption_config = {
  kms_key_name: kms_key_name,
  encryption_type: :CUSTOMER_MANAGED_ENCRYPTION
}
job = database.create_backup "my-backup",
                             Time.now + 36000,
                             encryption_config: encryption_config

job.done? #=> false
job.reload! # API call
job.done? #=> true

if job.error?
  status = job.error
else
  backup = job.backup
end

Parameters:

  • backup_id (String) —

    The unique identifier for the backup. Values are of the form [a-z][a-z0-9_\-]*[a-z0-9] and must be between 2 and 60 characters in length. Required.

  • expire_time (Time) —

    The expiration time of the backup, with microseconds granularity that must be at least 6 hours and at most 366 days from the time the request is received. Required. Once the expire_time has passed, Cloud Spanner will delete the backup and free the resources used by the backup. Required.

  • version_time (Time) (defaults to: nil) —

    Specifies the time to have an externally consistent copy of the database. If no version time is specified, it will be automatically set to the backup create time. The version time can be as far in the past as specified by the database earliest version time. Optional.

  • encryption_config (Hash) (defaults to: nil) —

    An encryption configuration describing the encryption type and key resources in Cloud KMS. Optional. The following settings can be provided:

    • :kms_key_name (String) The name of KMS key to use which should be the full path, e.g., projects/<project>/locations/<location>\ /keyRings/<key_ring>/cryptoKeys/<kms_key_name> This field should be set only when encryption type :CUSTOMER_MANAGED_ENCRYPTION.
    • :encryption_type (Symbol) The encryption type of the backup. Valid values are:
      1. :USE_DATABASE_ENCRYPTION - Use the same encryption configuration as the database.
      2. :GOOGLE_DEFAULT_ENCRYPTION - Google default encryption.
      3. :CUSTOMER_MANAGED_ENCRYPTION - Use customer managed encryption. If specified, :kms_key_name must contain a valid Cloud KMS key.

Returns:

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) —

    if :CUSTOMER_MANAGED_ENCRYPTION specified without customer managed kms key.



523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 523

def create_backup backup_id, expire_time,
                  version_time: nil, encryption_config: nil
  ensure_service!

  if encryption_config&.include?(:kms_key_name) &&
     encryption_config[:encryption_type] != :CUSTOMER_MANAGED_ENCRYPTION
    raise Google::Cloud::InvalidArgumentError,
          "kms_key_name only used with CUSTOMER_MANAGED_ENCRYPTION"
  end

  grpc = service.create_backup \
    instance_id,
    database_id,
    backup_id,
    expire_time,
    version_time,
    encryption_config: encryption_config
  Backup::Job.from_grpc grpc, service
end

#create_time ⇒ Time

Time at which the database creation started.

Returns:

  • (Time) 


119
120
121
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 119

def create_time
  Convert.timestamp_to_time @grpc.create_time
end

#creating? ⇒ Boolean

The database is still being created. Operations on the database may raise with FAILED_PRECONDITION in this state.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


152
153
154
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 152

def creating?
  state == :CREATING
end

#database_id ⇒ String

The unique identifier for the database.

Returns:

  • (String) 


84
85
86
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 84

def database_id
  @grpc.name.split("/")[5]
end

#database_operations(filter: nil, page_size: nil) ⇒ Array<Google::Cloud::Spanner::Database::Job>

Retrieves the list of database operations for the given database.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new

database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

jobs = database.database_operations
jobs.each do |job|
  if job.error?
    p job.error
  else
    p job.database.database_id
  end
end

Retrieve all

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new

database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

jobs = database.database_operations
jobs.all do |job|
  if job.error?
    p job.error
  else
    puts job.database.database_id
  end
end

List by page size

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new

database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

jobs = database.database_operations page_size: 10
jobs.each do |job|
  if job.error?
    p job.error
  else
    puts job.database.database_id
  end
end

Filter and list

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new

database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

jobs = database.database_operations filter: "done:true"
jobs.each do |job|
  if job.error?
    p job.error
  else
    puts job.database.database_id
  end
end

Parameters:

  • filter (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    A filter expression that filters what operations are returned in the response.

    The response returns a list of Google::Longrunning::Operation long-running operations whose names are prefixed by a database name within the specified instance. The long-running operation Google::Longrunning::Operation#metadata metadata field type metadata.type_url describes the type of the metadata.

    The filter expression must specify the field name, a comparison operator, and the value that you want to use for filtering. The value must be a string, a number, or a boolean. The comparison operator must be <, >, <=, >=, !=, =, or :. Colon ':' represents a HAS operator which is roughly synonymous with equality. Filter rules are case insensitive.

    The long-running operation fields eligible for filtering are:

    • name --> The name of the long-running operation
    • done --> False if the operation is in progress, else true.
    • metadata.type_url (using filter string metadata.@type) and fields in metadata.value (using filter string metadata.<field_name>, where is a field in metadata.value) are eligible for filtering.
    • error --> Error associated with the long-running operation.
    • response.type_url (using filter string response.@type) and fields in response.value (using filter string response.<field_name>, where is a field in response.value)are eligible for filtering.

    To filter on multiple expressions, provide each separate expression within parentheses. By default, each expression is an AND expression. However, you can include AND, OR, and NOT expressions explicitly.

    Some examples of using filters are:

    • done:true --> The operation is complete.
    • (metadata.@type:type.googleapis.com/google.spanner.admin.\ database.v1.RestoreDatabaseMetadata) AND (metadata.source_type:BACKUP) AND (metadata.backup_info.backup:backup_howl) AND (metadata.name:restored_howl) AND (metadata.progress.start_time < \"2018-03-28T14:50:00Z\") AND (error:*) --> Return RestoreDatabase operations from backups whose name contains "backup_howl", where the created database name contains the string "restored_howl", the start_time of the restore operation is before 2018-03-28T14:50:00Z, and the operation returned an error.
  • page_size (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    The maximum number of resources contained in the underlying API response. If page streaming is performed per-resource, this parameter does not affect the return value. If page streaming is performed per-page, this determines the maximum number of resources in a page.

Returns:



417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 417

def database_operations filter: nil, page_size: nil
  database_filter = format(
    DATBASE_OPERATION_METADAT_FILTER_TEMPLATE,
    database_id: database_id
  )

  if filter
    database_filter = format(
      "(%<filter>s) AND (%<database_filter>s)",
      filter: filter, database_filter: database_filter
    )
  end

  grpc = service.list_database_operations instance_id,
                                          filter: database_filter,
                                          page_size: page_size
  Database::Job::List.from_grpc grpc, service
end

#ddl(force: nil) ⇒ Array<String>

Retrieve the Data Definition Language (DDL) statements that define database structures. DDL statements are used to create, update, and delete tables and indexes.

Examples:

statements are memoized to reduce the number of API calls:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

statements = database.ddl # API call
statements_2 = database.ddl # No API call

Use force to retrieve the statements from the service:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

statements = database.ddl force: true # API call
statements_2 = database.ddl force: true # API call

Parameters:

  • force (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Force the latest DDL statements to be retrieved from the Spanner service when true. Otherwise the DDL statements will be memoized to reduce the number of API calls made to the Spanner service. The default is false.

Returns:

  • (Array<String>) —

    The DDL statements.

See Also:



203
204
205
206
207
208
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 203

def ddl force: nil
  return @ddl if @ddl && !force
  ensure_service!
  ddl_grpc = service.get_database_ddl instance_id, database_id
  @ddl = ddl_grpc.statements
end

#drop ⇒ Boolean

Drops (deletes) the Cloud Spanner database.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

database.drop

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the database was deleted.



270
271
272
273
274
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 270

def drop
  ensure_service!
  service.drop_database instance_id, database_id
  true
end

#earliest_version_time ⇒ Time

The earliest available version time for a database.

Returns:

  • (Time) 


96
97
98
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 96

def earliest_version_time
  Convert.timestamp_to_time @grpc.earliest_version_time
end

#encryption_config ⇒ Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database::V1::EncryptionConfig?

An encryption configuration describing the encryption type and key resources in Cloud KMS.

Returns:

  • (Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database::V1::EncryptionConfig, nil) 


127
128
129
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 127

def encryption_config
  @grpc.encryption_config
end

#encryption_info ⇒ Array<Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database::V1::EncryptionInfo>

Encryption information for the database.

For databases that are using customer managed encryption, this field contains the encryption information for the database, such as encryption state and the Cloud KMS key versions that are in use.

For databases that are using Google default or other types of encryption, this field is empty.

This field is propagated lazily from the backend. There might be a delay from when a key version is being used and when it appears in this field.

Returns:

  • (Array<Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database::V1::EncryptionInfo>) 


144
145
146
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 144

def encryption_info
  @grpc.encryption_info.to_a
end

#instance_id ⇒ String

The unique identifier for the instance.

Returns:

  • (String) 


78
79
80
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 78

def instance_id
  @grpc.name.split("/")[3]
end

#path ⇒ String

The full path for the database resource. Values are of the form projects/<project_id>/instances/<instance_id>/databases/<database_id>.

Returns:

  • (String) 


104
105
106
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 104

def path
  @grpc.name
end

#policy {|policy| ... } ⇒ Policy

Gets the Cloud IAM access control policy for this database.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

policy = database.policy

Update the policy by passing a block:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

database.policy do |p|
  p.add "roles/owner", "user:owner@example.com"
end # 2 API calls

Yields:

  • (policy) —

    A block for updating the policy. The latest policy will be read from the Spanner service and passed to the block. After the block completes, the modified policy will be written to the service.

Yield Parameters:

  • policy (Policy) —

    the current Cloud IAM Policy for this database

Returns:

  • (Policy) —

    The current Cloud IAM Policy for this database.

See Also:



623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 623

def policy
  ensure_service!
  grpc = service.get_database_policy instance_id, database_id
  policy = Policy.from_grpc grpc
  return policy unless block_given?
  yield policy
  update_policy policy
end

#project_id ⇒ String

The unique identifier for the project.

Returns:

  • (String) 


72
73
74
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 72

def project_id
  @grpc.name.split("/")[1]
end

#ready? ⇒ Boolean

The database is fully created and ready for use.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


159
160
161
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 159

def ready?
  state == :READY
end

#ready_optimizing? ⇒ Boolean

The database is fully created from backup and optimizing.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


166
167
168
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 166

def ready_optimizing?
  state == :READY_OPTIMIZING
end

#restore_info ⇒ Google::Cloud::Spanner::Database::RestoreInfo?

Information about the source used to restore the database.

Returns:



584
585
586
587
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 584

def restore_info
  return nil unless @grpc.restore_info
  RestoreInfo.from_grpc @grpc.restore_info
end

#state ⇒ Symbol

The current database state. Possible values are :CREATING and :READY.

Returns:

  • (Symbol) 


112
113
114
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 112

def state
  @grpc.state
end

#test_permissions(*permissions) ⇒ Array<Strings>

Tests the specified permissions against the Cloud IAM access control policy.

  • spanner.databases.beginPartitionedDmlTransaction
  • spanner.databases.create
  • spanner.databases.createBackup
  • spanner.databases.list
  • spanner.databases.update
  • spanner.databases.updateDdl
  • spanner.databases.get
  • spanner.databases.getDdl
  • spanner.databases.getIamPolicy
  • spanner.databases.setIamPolicy
  • spanner.databases.beginReadOnlyTransaction
  • spanner.databases.beginOrRollbackReadWriteTransaction
  • spanner.databases.read
  • spanner.databases.select
  • spanner.databases.write
  • spanner.databases.drop

Examples:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"
perms = database.test_permissions "spanner.databases.get",
                                  "spanner.databases.update"
perms.include? "spanner.databases.get" #=> true
perms.include? "spanner.databases.update" #=> false

Parameters:

  • permissions (String, Array<String>) —

    The set of permissions to check access for. Permissions with wildcards (such as * or storage.*) are not allowed.

    The permissions that can be checked on a database are:

Returns:

  • (Array<Strings>) —

    The permissions that have access.

See Also:



711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 711

def test_permissions *permissions
  permissions = Array(permissions).flatten
  permissions = Array(permissions).flatten
  ensure_service!
  grpc = service.test_database_permissions \
    instance_id, database_id, permissions
  grpc.permissions
end

#update(statements: [], operation_id: nil) ⇒ Database::Job

Updates the database schema by adding Data Definition Language (DDL) statements to create, update, and delete tables and indexes.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

add_users_table_sql = %q(
  CREATE TABLE users (
    id INT64 NOT NULL,
    username STRING(25) NOT NULL,
    name STRING(45) NOT NULL,
    email STRING(128),
  ) PRIMARY KEY(id)
)

database.update statements: [add_users_table_sql]

Parameters:

  • statements (Array<String>) (defaults to: []) —

    The DDL statements to be applied to the database.

  • operation_id (String, nil) (defaults to: nil) —

    The operation ID used to perform the update. When nil, the update request is assigned an automatically-generated operation ID. Specifying an explicit value simplifies determining whether the statements were executed in the event that the update is replayed, or the return value is otherwise lost. This value should be unique within the database, and must be a valid identifier: [a-z][a-z0-9_]*. Will raise AlreadyExistsError if the named operation already exists. Optional.

Returns:

  • (Database::Job) —

    The job representing the long-running, asynchronous processing of a database schema update operation.

See Also:



249
250
251
252
253
254
255
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 249

def update statements: [], operation_id: nil
  ensure_service!
  grpc = service.update_database_ddl instance_id, database_id,
                                     statements: statements,
                                     operation_id: operation_id
  Database::Job.from_grpc grpc, service
end

#update_policy(new_policy) ⇒ Policy Also known as: policy=

Updates the Cloud IAM access control policy for this database. The policy should be read from #policy. See Policy for an explanation of the policy etag property and how to modify policies.

You can also update the policy by passing a block to #policy, which will call this method internally after the block completes.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new
database = spanner.database "my-instance", "my-database"

policy = database.policy # API call

policy.add "roles/owner", "user:owner@example.com"

database.update_policy policy # API call

Parameters:

  • new_policy (Policy) —

    a new or modified Cloud IAM Policy for this database

Returns:

  • (Policy) —

    The policy returned by the API update operation.

See Also:



661
662
663
664
665
666
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 661

def update_policy new_policy
  ensure_service!
  grpc = service.set_database_policy \
    instance_id, database_id, new_policy.to_grpc
  Policy.from_grpc grpc
end

#version_retention_period ⇒ String

The version retention period for a database.

Returns:

  • (String) 


90
91
92
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/spanner/database.rb', line 90

def version_retention_period
  @grpc.version_retention_period
end